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Sunnah Method & Description of Salah of a Muslim Man
Hanafi Madhab Fiqh
Manual with Evidence from Qur'aan, Sunnah, Ijmah & Qiyas
Note: In the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) the
postures during Salah for men and women differ, the general evidence for this
difference is as follows and the specific evidence will be discussed later with
a separate post detailing the Salah for women.
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/menwmdiff.htm
Please note
that there is a difference of opinion amongst scholars about various postures
during Salah and may Allah (SWT) reward them all.
1. There
is no Salah before its time, and it must be ensured that the time for Salah has
actually started.
[4:103] Once you have finished your Salāh, then,
remember Allah while standing, sitting and reclining. As soon as you are secure,
perform Salāh as due. Surely, Salāh is an obligation on the believers that is
tied up with time.
2. There
is no Salah without being in the state of Wudhu.
[5:6] O you who believe, when you rise for Salāh,
(prayer) wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and make MasH (wiping
by hands) of your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. If you are in a
state of major impurity, cleanse yourselves well (by taking bath). If you are
sick, or on a journey, or if one of you has come after relieving himself, or you
have had sexual contact with women, and you find no water, then, go for some
clean dust and wipe your faces and hands with it. Allah does not like to impose
a problem on you; He, rather likes to cleanse you and to complete His favour
upon you, so that you may be grateful.
Hammam b. Munabbih (RA) who is the brother of Wahb b. Munabbih. (RA) said: This
is what has been transmitted to us by Abu Huraira (RA) from Muhammad, the
Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) and then narrated a hadith out
of them and observed that the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam)
said: The prayer of none amongst you would be accepted in a state of impurity
till he performs ablution. [Muslim]
3. Body,
clothes and location of prayer must be Taahir (free from impurities).
[74:4] and purify your clothes,
Jabir Ibn Samra (RA) narrates that a man asked Rasul-ullah (Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam), “Should I pray in the same clothes in which I went (cohabited) to my
wife in?” He (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) replied, “Yes unless you find some
impurity on it which should clean and purify”. [Ahmed]
4. Awrah
of a man must be covered and the Awrah of a man is from the belly-button to the
knees. It is Sunnah
for men to cover their head while praying Salah.
It is related from Ibn 'Abbas (RA), Jarhad (RA) and
Muhammad ibn Jahsh (RA) from the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam),"The thigh
is one of the private parts." Anas (RA) said, "The Prophet(Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam) , uncovered his thigh." The hadith of Anas (RA) is stronger, but the
hadith of Jarhad is more complete in order to resolve the disagreement of the
scholars .Abu Musa (RA) said, "The Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) covered
his knees when 'Uthman (RA) entered." Zayd ibn Thabit (RA) said, "Allah sent
down revelation on His Messenger (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) while his thigh
was resting on my thigh and it became so heavy that I was afraid that it would
bruise my thigh." [Bukhari]
Note: It is
AGAINST the Sunnah
for men to pray bareheaded and the evidence is discussed in detail here:
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/bareheadagsunnah.htm
5. A
person must face the Qiblah (direction of Kaba’h) during Salah.
[2:144] We have been seeing you turning your face to
the heavens. So, We will certainly assign to you a Qiblah that you would like.
Now, turn your face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid-ul-Harām),
and (O Muslims), wherever you are, turn your faces in its direction. Even those
who have been given the Book know well that it is the truth from their Lord, and
Allah is not unaware of what they do.
6. It is
Sunnah to
perform Salah in congregation and an act of great reward.
[2:144] We have been seeing you turning your face to
the heavens. So, We will certainly assign to you a Qiblah that you would like.
Now, turn your face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid-ul-Harām),
and (O Muslims), wherever you are, turn your faces in its direction. Even those
who have been given the Book know well that it is the truth from their Lord, and
Allah is not unaware of what they do.
Abu Huraira (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam) said "The heaviest salat for the hypocrite is that of Isha'a and Fajr
and if they knew what was in them they would have attended them even if it meant
crawling, and I have a strong desire to order the salat to be established, then
order a man to lead the people in salat then I would go with some men carrying
bundles of wood to a people not attending the salat and burn their houses on
them." [Muslim]
7. Men
should straighten their rows and make sure that there are no gaps in between
them but joining ankle to ankle is extremism.
Nu’maan ibn Bashir (radhiallaahu anhu) narrates that
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) would straighten our Saffs with such
care that even arrow shafts could be straightened with them (by using them as a
guide) until he saw that we understood (the importance of straightening the
Saffs). Once he came out and stood (on his Musalla) and just before making
Takbeer he noticed a person’s chest sticking out of the Saff. Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘O Servants of Allah! Straighten your Saffs
or else Allah will cause division amongst your hearts.’ [Muslim]
Note:
Joining ankle to ankle is not the aim but a means of achieving the aims and to
insist on this during Salah is extremism as discussed here:
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/anklshyuth.htm
8. It is
recommended to place a Sutrah (a barrier or partition) in front when praying.
Sahl Ibn Hathmah (RA) reported that Rasul-ullah (ﷺ) said, “When one of you prays, he should pray towards his
Sutrah and he should be close to it”.[Abu Dawud]
9. The
minimum height of Sutrah should be length of an arm, and its width at least a
finger.
Sabrah Ibn Ma’bad (RA) reported that Messenger of Allah
(ﷺ) said,
“When one of you prays, he should make a barrier for his Salah, even it is an
arrow”.[Ahmad]
Talha (RA) said that we used to pray and animals would pass in front of us. We
mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (SWT) and he said, “If anything the
size of saddle is in front of you, nothing that passes beyond it will harm
you”.[Muslim]
Note: The
size of saddle has been interpreted by Nafi (RA), Ata (RA), Sufyan Thawri (RA)
as the length of an arm. [Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
10. It
is forbidden to cross between the Sutrah and the one who is praying.
Narrated Busr bin Said (RA) narrates that Zaid bin
Khalid (RA) sent him to Abi Juhaim (RA) to ask him what he had heard from
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) about a
person passing in front of another person who was praying. Abu Juhaim (RA)
replied, "Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said, 'If the person who passes in front of another person
in prayer knew the magnitude of his sin he would prefer to wait for 40 (days,
months or years) rather than to pass in front of him." Abu An-Nadr (RA) said, "I
do not remember exactly whether he said 40 days, months or years."[Bukhari]
11. Make
the intention for Salah before starting, “I am performing Salah [name of Salah]
for Allah (SWT)” adding “behind the Imam if it is being done in congregation.
Rasul-ullah (ﷺ) has said, “Every action is based on Intention, and everyone
shall have what he intended”. [Bukhari]
Note:
Intention doesn’t need to be uttered verbally or loudly, it is an action of the
heart.
12. If
praying in congregation then after the Imam, both hands should be raised till
the fingers are level with the earlobes while uttering the Takbeer,
“Allahu-Akbar”
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw the Apostle of
Allah(ﷺ) raising
his thumbs in prayer up to the lobes of his ears. [Abu Dawud]
Rasul-ullah (ﷺ) said,
“No one’s Salah is complete unless he does Wudhu and utters the Takbeer”.
[Tabarani]
13. Eyes
should be focused at the place of prostration.
Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) used to incline his head slightly and fix his eyes towards
the ground. [Baihiqi & Hakim]
14.
Person praying should not look upwards or sideways.
Aisha (RA) narrated that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) prayed in a cloak which had some designs in it. He (ﷺ) said,
“These designs have distracted me. Take this cloak to Abu Jahm and bring me a
plain one”. [Muslim]
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) said, “Those who raise their gaze to the sky during Salah
should stop doing so or their sight may be taken away”. [Bukhari]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) did not like one to gaze beyond the place of Sajdah
(prostration). [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
15.
Closing eyes is disliked in Salah.
Ibn Abbas(RA) narrated that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) said, “When one of you stands up in Salah, he should not
close his eyes”. [Tabarani]
16.
Right palm should be placed over the back of the left and both hands should then
be placed below the Navel.
Ali (radhiallahu anhu) relates that the
sunnah of Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) is to place
one hand over the other below the navel. [Abu Dawud]
Note:
Scholars have differed about the positioning of hands during Salah and for
detailed discussion and evidence, please visit the link below:
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/handsslh.htm
17. Then
Thana should be recited which is as follows.
سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك تبارك اسمك وتعالى جدك ولا إله غيرك
Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and
Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside Thee
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (RA) used to
recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa
ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the
Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no
other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in writing that Anas
b. Malik (RA) had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) and Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA).
They started (loud recitation) with: AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All
Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir-
Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it.
[Muslim]
Note: Imam
Muhammad (RA) said, “We say this in the opening of Salah, but we do not say that
Imam or follower should say it loudly; Umar (RA) said it loudly in order to
teach others what they had asked him [Kitabul Athar].
18. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now say
Ta’awudh (Audho Billahi Minash-Shaytaanir Rajeem) and Bismillah quietly.
[16:98] So, when you recite the Qur‘ān, seek refuge
with Allah against Satan, the accursed.
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (RA) used to recite loudly these words:
Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha
ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy
Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside
Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in writing that Anas b. Malik (RA) had narrated to
him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
and Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA). They started (loud recitation)
with: AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of
the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the
beginning of the recitation or at the end of it. [Muslim]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Four things should be said quietly by the Imam:
i) Thana
ii) Ta’awudh
iii) Bismillah
iv) Amin
[Kitabul Athar]
19. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now recite
Al-Fatiha.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA): Allah's Apostle
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his
prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
20. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now recite
Al-Fatiha.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA): Allah's Apostle
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his
prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
21. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now recite some
Qur’aan in the following Rakaats of Salah after Surah Al-Fatihah:
i) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Faj’r
ii) First two Rakaat of Salat Az-Zuh’r
iii) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Jummuah
iv) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-As’r
v) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Maghrib
vi) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Esha
vii) In all Rakaat of all
Sunnah prayers
viii) In all Rakaat of all Nafila (optional) prayers
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Qatada (RA): My father (RA)
said, "The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) in Zuhr prayers used to recite
Al-Fatiha along with two other Suras in the first two Rakat: a long one in the
first Rak'a and a shorter (Sura) in the second, and at times the verses were
audible. In the 'Asr prayer the Prophet used to recite Al-Fatiha and two more
Suras in the first two Rakat and used to prolong the first Rak'a. And he used to
prolong the first Rak'a of the Fajr prayer and shorten the second." [Bukhari]
Amir Al-Shabi (RA) narrated that Umar (RA) wrote to Shurayh (RA) asking him to
read Al-Fatihah and another Surah in the first two Rakaats, and Al-Fatihah only
in the last two Rakaats. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Do not add anything to Al-Fatihah in the last two
Rakaats. Imam Muhammad (RA) said, “This is the opinion of Abu Haneefa (RA) and
we adhere to it. [Kitabul Athar]
Note: It is
my intention to post some of the available
Sunnah on what Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) recited in each Salah separately, Insha’Allah.
22. The
recitation of the Imam is sufficient for the follower and recitation of
Al-Fatihah or the Surah is not required by followers when praying in
congregational Salah.
[7:204] When the Qur‘ān is recited, listen to it and be
silent, so that you may be blessed.
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) and in the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is stated that the
recitation of Imam is sufficient.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/rectfth.htm
23.
Person should now pronounce the Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) and go into Ruku (bowing)
and grasp the knees, without raising the hands. It is
Sunnah to keep the height of the head
equal to the hips.
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (may peace be upon him) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara. I
thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded on;
I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah, but
he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah). He
then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and recited
leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of Allah,
he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and when he
recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the Holy
Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing with
protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and say:
Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time as
his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Narrated Mus'ab bin Sa'd (RA): I offered prayer beside my father (RA) and
approximated both my hands and placed them in between the knees. My father (RA)
told me not to do so and said, "We used to do the same but we were forbidden (by
the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)) to do it and were ordered to place the
hands on the knees." [Bukhari]
Jaabir Ibn Samurah (radhiallahu anhu) relates that once Rasulullah (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) came out of his house towards us and said: "Why is it that I
see you all raising your hands as though they are the tails of stubborn horses.
Be tranquil in salaah". [Muslim]
Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (radhiallahu anhu) said: "Shall I not show you the manner in
which Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) performed his salaah?" Thereafter
he performed the salaah but he did not raise his hands except at the beginning
(of his salaah). [Tirmidhi] This Hadith is classified Hasan. Ibn Hazm (R.A.) has
declared it as sahih. Ahmed Shakir (RA) has also declared it as sahih.
Abu Humaid (radhiallahu anhu) reported that when the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) bowed, he would be straight, his head neither up nor down (with
respect to his hips), and he would place his hands on his knees as if he was
holding them." [Nasai]
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) and in the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is preferred that hands
should not be raised except at the beginning.
For
detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/detraf.htm
24.
Person should now pronounce the following at least three times.
سبحان ربی العظیم
Glory be to my Mighty Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
25. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah rises from the Ruku
(bowing) while uttering the following:
سمع اللھ لمن حمدہ
Allah listens to the one who praises Him
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say the Takbir when he says
it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida', say, ' Rabbana
wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray sitting altogether if he
prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words
are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him who praised Him,
our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
26.
While standing upright the following should be recited:
ربنا و
لک الحمد
Our Lord, [and] to You be all Praise
OR
ربنا لک
الحمد
Our Lord, to You be all Praise
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say the Takbir when he says
it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida', say, ' Rabbana
wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray sitting altogether if he
prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words
are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him who praised Him,
our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
27. It
is Sunnah to be
stand upright and be tranquil before going into Sujood (prostration).
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) forbade me to perform postures of prayer copying
the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast performance of prayer), moving eyes
around like a fox and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "The worst thief is
the one who steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ! How could one steal from his own prayer?' He
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "By not completing its rukoo' and sujood."
[Tabarni, Hakim]
28.
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah
to place the knees before the hands on the ground. During Sujood (prostration)
arms should be kept away from the body, parallel to the shoulders while the
elbows should be raised and fingers should be kept together.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that the Prophet
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) placed his knees (on the ground) before placing his
hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he raised his hands
before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the direction of the
Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Abu Humayd (RA) reported, When the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
prostrated, he would place his nose and forehead upon the floor, keep his arms
away from his sides, and place his hands parallel to the shoulders. [Abu Dawud]
Wail Ibn Hajar (RA) reported: When Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
prostrated he would keep his fingers together. [Tirmidhi]
Narrated Muhammad bin 'Amr bin 'Ata (RA)': I was sitting with some of the
companions of Allah's Apostle (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)and we were discussing
about the way of praying of the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam). Abu Humaid
As-Saidi (RA) said, "I remember the prayer of Allah's Apostle(sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) better than any one of you. I saw him raising both his hands up to the
level of the shoulders on saying the Takbir; and on bowing he placed his hands
on both knees and bent his back straight, then he stood up straight from bowing
till all the vertebrate took their normal positions. In prostrations, he placed
both his hands on the ground with the forearms away from the ground and away
from his body, and his toes were facing the Qibla. On sitting In the second
Rak'a he sat on his left foot and propped up the right one; and in the last
Rak'a he pushed his left foot forward and kept the other foot propped up and sat
over the buttocks "
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the whether the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) is to place the knees first or the hands first on the ground while
going into Sujood (prostration). In the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA), the
order should be as follows:
i) Knees first
ii) Then the hands
iii) Then the Nose
iv) Then the forehead
This disagreement is discussed in detail by Imam Nawawi (RA) in Majmu
29. The
following should now be recited at least three times in Sujood (prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
30.
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while rising from the Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah
to pause a little while the body rests during the two prostrations. Furthermore
the following recitation is praiseworthy during the two prostrations.
اللھم اغفر لی و ارحمنی و اھدنی و اجبرنی و ارزقنی
O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, deliver free from need (&
poverty), and provide for me
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas (RA): The Prophet
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) used to say between the two prostrations: "O Allah,
forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, heal me, and provide for me." [Abu
Dawud]
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) forbade me to perform postures of prayer copying the picking of a
rooster; (signifying fast performance of prayer), moving eyes around like a fox
and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "The worst thief is
the one who steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ! How could one steal from his own prayer?' He
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "By not completing its rukoo' and sujood."
[Tabarni, Hakim]
Note:
Students of the great Muhadith Imam Anwar Shah Kashmiri Hanafi (RA) have
recorded in their notes that he (RA) used to strongly advise the reading of this
dua between the two prostrations.
31 .
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into the second
Sujood (prostration) and the following should now be recited at least three
times in Sujood (prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
32 .
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while standing for the second
Rakaat and standing should be done in one continuous motion i.e. one should not
sit and rest and then get up for the second Rakaat.
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): Once the Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) entered the mosque, a man came in, offered the prayer and
greeted the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) .The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) returned his greeting and said to him, "Go back and pray again for you
have not prayed." The man offered the prayer again, came back and greeted the
Prophet(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) . He said to him thrice, "Go back and pray
again for you have not prayed." The man said, "By Him Who has sent you with the
truth! I do not know a better way of praying. Kindly teach Me how to pray." He
said, "When you stand for the prayer, say Takbir and then recite from the Qur'an
what you know and then bow with calmness till you feel at ease, then rise from
bowing till you stand straight. Afterwards prostrate calmly till you feel at
ease and then raise (your head) and sit with Calmness till you feel at ease and
then prostrate with calmness till you feel at ease in prostration and do the
same in the whole of your prayer." [Bukhari]
Ibn Sahl (radhiallahu anhu) reports that Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
said the takbeer and simultaneously went into sajdah. Then he said the takbeer
and simultaneously stood up erect without sitting. [Abu Daud]
Note: There
is a disagreement in this matter with some scholars stating that the
Sunnah is to
rest before standing upright. The Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) is quoted.
33. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now say
Bismillah quietly.
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (RA) used to
recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa
ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the
Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no
other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in writing that Anas
b. Malik (RA) had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) and Abu Bakr (RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA).
They started (loud recitation) with: AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All
Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir-
Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the beginning of the recitation or at the end of it.
[Muslim]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Four things should be said quietly by the Imam:
i) Thana
ii) Ta’awudh
iii) Bismillah
iv) Amin
[Kitabul Athar]
Note: In
the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) Ta’awudh (Audho Billahi Minash-Shaytaanir
Rajeem) is only recited in the first Rakaah because as per the evidence from the
Qur’aan (below) the recitation of the Qur’aan was started in the first Rakaat.
[16:98] So, when you recite the Qur‘ān, seek refuge with Allah against Satan,
the accursed.
34. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now recite
Al-Fatiha in the second Rakaat.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA): Allah's Apostle
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said, "Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his
prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
35. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah should now recite some
Qur’aan in the following Rakaats of Salah after Surah Al-Fatihah :
i) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Faj’r
ii) First two Rakaat of Salat Az-Zuh’r
iii) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Jummuah
iv) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-As’r
v) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Maghrib
vi) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Esha
vii) In all Rakaat of all
Sunnah prayers
viii) In all Rakaat of all Nafila (optional) prayers
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Qatada (RA): My father (RA)
said, "The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) in Zuhr prayers used to recite
Al-Fatiha along with two other Suras in the first two Rakat: a long one in the
first Rak'a and a shorter (Sura) in the second, and at times the verses were
audible. In the 'Asr prayer the Prophet used to recite Al-Fatiha and two more
Suras in the first two Rakat and used to prolong the first Rak'a. And he used to
prolong the first Rak'a of the Fajr prayer and shorten the second." [Bukhari]
Amir Al-Shabi (RA) narrated that Umar (RA) wrote to Shurayh (RA) asking him to
read Al-Fatihah and another Surah in the first two Rakaats, and Al-Fatihah only
in the last two Rakaats. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Do not add anything to Al-Fatihah in the last two
Rakaats. Imam Muhammad (RA) said, “This is the opinion of Abu Haneefa (RA) and
we adhere to it. [Kitabul Athar]
Note: It is
my intention to post some of the available
Sunnah on what Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) recited in each Salah separately, Insha’Allah.
36. The
recitation of the Imam is sufficient for the follower and recitation of
Al-Fatihah or the Surah is not required by followers when praying in
congregational Salah.
[7:204] When the Qur‘ān is recited, listen to it and be
silent, so that you may be blessed.
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) and in the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is stated that the
recitation of Imam is sufficient.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/rectfth.htm
37.
Person should now pronounce the Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) and go into Ruku (bowing)
and grasp the knees, without raising the hands. It is
Sunnah to keep the height of the head
equal to the hips.
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (may peace be upon him) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara. I
thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded on;
I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah, but
he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah). He
then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and recited
leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of Allah,
he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and when he
recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the Holy
Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing with
protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and say:
Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time as
his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Narrated Mus'ab bin Sa'd (RA): I offered prayer beside my father (RA) and
approximated both my hands and placed them in between the knees. My father (RA)
told me not to do so and said, "We used to do the same but we were forbidden (by
the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)) to do it and were ordered to place the
hands on the knees." [Bukhari]
Jaabir Ibn Samurah (radhiallahu anhu) relates that once Rasulullah (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) came out of his house towards us and said: "Why is it that I
see you all raising your hands as though they are the tails of stubborn horses.
Be tranquil in salaah". [Muslim]
Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (radhiallahu anhu) said: "Shall I not show you the manner in
which Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) performed his salaah?" Thereafter
he performed the salaah but he did not raise his hands except at the beginning
(of his salaah). [Tirmidhi] This Hadith is classified Hasan. Ibn Hazm (R.A.) has
declared it as sahih. Ahmed Shakir (RA) has also declared it as sahih.
Abu Humaid (radhiallahu anhu) reported that when the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) bowed, he would be straight, his head neither up nor down (with
respect to his hips), and he would place his hands on his knees as if he was
holding them." [Nasai]
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) and in the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is preferred that hands
should not be raised except at the beginning.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/detraf.htm
38.
Person should now pronounce the following at least three times.
سبحان ربی العظیم
Glory be to my Mighty Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
39. The
one praying alone or the Imam of the congregational Salah rises from the Ruku
(bowing) while uttering the following:
سمع اللھ لمن حمدہ
Allah listens to the one who praises Him
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say the Takbir when he says
it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida', say, ' Rabbana
wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray sitting altogether if he
prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words
are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him who praised Him,
our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
40.
While standing upright the following should be recited:
ربنا و
لک الحمد
Our Lord, [and] to You be all Praise
OR
ربنا لک
الحمد
Our Lord, to You be all Praise
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say the Takbir when he says
it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman hamida', say, ' Rabbana
wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray sitting altogether if he
prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by Jarir the words
are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him who praised Him,
our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
41. It
is Sunnah to be
stand upright and be tranquil before going into Sujood (prostration).
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) forbade me to perform postures of prayer copying
the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast performance of prayer), moving eyes
around like a fox and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "The worst thief is
the one who steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ! How could one steal from his own prayer?' He
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "By not completing its rukoo' and sujood."
[Tabarni, Hakim]
42.
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah
to place the knees before the hands on the ground. During Sujood (prostration)
arms should be kept away from the body, parallel to the shoulders while the
elbows should be raised and fingers should be kept together.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that the Prophet
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) placed his knees (on the ground) before placing his
hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he raised his hands
before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the direction of the
Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Abu Humayd (RA) reported, When the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
prostrated, he would place his nose and forehead upon the floor, keep his arms
away from his sides, and place his hands parallel to the shoulders. [Abu Dawud]
Wail Ibn Hajar (RA) reported: When Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)
prostrated he would keep his fingers together. [Tirmidhi]
Narrated Muhammad bin 'Amr bin 'Ata (RA)': I was sitting with some of the
companions of Allah's Apostle (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)and we were discussing
about the way of praying of the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam). Abu Humaid
As-Saidi (RA) said, "I remember the prayer of Allah's Apostle(sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) better than any one of you. I saw him raising both his hands up to the
level of the shoulders on saying the Takbir; and on bowing he placed his hands
on both knees and bent his back straight, then he stood up straight from bowing
till all the vertebrate took their normal positions. In prostrations, he placed
both his hands on the ground with the forearms away from the ground and away
from his body, and his toes were facing the Qibla. On sitting In the second
Rak'a he sat on his left foot and propped up the right one; and in the last
Rak'a he pushed his left foot forward and kept the other foot propped up and sat
over the buttocks "
Note: There
is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the whether the
Sunnah of Prophet (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) is to place the knees first or the hands first on the ground while
going into Sujood (prostration). In the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA), the
order should be as follows:
i) Knees first
ii) Then the hands
iii) Then the Nose
iv) Then the forehead
This disagreement is discussed in detail by Imam Nawawi (RA) in Majmu
43. The
following should now be recited at least three times in Sujood (prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
44.
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while rising from the Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah
to pause a little while the body rests during the two prostrations. Furthermore
the following recitation is praiseworthy during the two prostrations.
اللھم اغفر لی و ارحمنی و اھدنی و اجبرنی و ارزقنی
O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, deliver free from need (&
poverty), and provide for me
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas (RA): The Prophet
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) used to say between the two prostrations: "O Allah,
forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, heal me, and provide for me." [Abu
Dawud]
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam) forbade me to perform postures of prayer copying the picking of a
rooster; (signifying fast performance of prayer), moving eyes around like a fox
and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "The worst thief is
the one who steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ! How could one steal from his own prayer?' He
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said: "By not completing its rukoo' and sujood."
[Tabarni, Hakim]
Note:
Students of the great Muhadith Imam Anwar Shah Kashmiri Hanafi (RA) have
recorded in their notes that he (RA) used to strongly advise the reading of this
dua between the two prostrations.
45 .
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into the second
Sujood (prostration) and the following should now be recited at least three
times in Sujood (prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with the Apostle of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) one night and he started reciting al-Baqara.
I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he proceeded
on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a rak'ah,
but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this surah).
He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran and
recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the Glory of
Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the Great), and
when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be begged, he (the
Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the verses dealing
with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and would then bow and
say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the same length of time
as his standing (and then on returning to the standing posture after ruku') he
would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he would then stand about
the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He would then prostrate
himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his prostration lasted
nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith transmitted by
Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah listened to him
who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The
scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
46 .
Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while siting down for Tashahudd and
the manner of sitting should be that the left foot should be flat on the ground
while sitting on it and the right foot should be upright with the toes pointing
to the Qiblah.
'A'isha (RA) reported: The Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) used to begin prayer with takbir (saying
Allih-o-Akbar) and the recitation:" Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the
Universe." When he bowed he neither kept his head up nor bent it down, but kept
it between these extremes; when he raised his bead after bow- ing he did not
prostrate himself till he had stood erect; when he raised his head after
prostration he did not prostrate himself again till he satup. At the end of
every two rak'ahs he recited the tahiyya; and he used to place his left foot
flat (on the ground) and raise up the right; he prohibited the devil's way of
sitting on the heels, and he forbade people to spread out their arms like a wild
beast. And he used to finish the prayer with the taslim.[Bukhari]
47 .
Attahiyaat should be read as follows:
التحیات
للھ والصلوات والطیبات
السلام
علیک ایھا النبی و
رحمة اللھ و برکاتھ
اسلام
علینا وعلی عباداللھ الصالحین
اشھد ان
لا الھ الا
اللھ و اشھد ان محمد عبدہ و رسولھ
All services rendered by words, by acts of worship, and all good things are due
to Allah. Peace be upon you,0 Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings. Peace be
upon us and upon Allah's upright servants. I testify that there is no god but
Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger
'Abdullah Ibn Masud (RA) said: While observing prayer
behind the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) we used to recite:
Peace be upon Allah, peace be upon so and so. One day the Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said to us: Verily Allah is Himself Peace. When any
one of you sits during the prayer. he should say: All services rendered by
words, by acts of worship, and all good things are due to Allah. Peace be upon
you,0 Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings. Peace be upon us and upon
Allah's upright servants, for when he says this it reaches every upright servant
in heaven and earth (and say further): I testify that there is no god but Allah
and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. Then he may choose any
supplication which pleases him and offer it. [Bukhari]
48 .
When the following is reached during Attahiyaat the index finger of the right
hand should be raised during the denial part of Shahada (testimony) and dropped
on the right index finger should be put down during the affirmation part of
Shahada (testimony) while the other three fingers should be closed (as in a
fist) thus making a ring between the thumb and the index finger.
اشھد ان
لا الھ الا اللھ و اشھد ان محمد عبدہ و رسولھ
I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His
servant and Messenger
Ibn 'Umar (RA) reported that when the Messenger of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) sat for tashahhud he placed his left hand on
his left knee. and his right hand on his right knee. and he raised his right
finger, which is next to the thumb, making supplication in this way, and he
stretched his left hand on his left knee. Another version on the authority of
Ibn Umar (RA) says: When the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) sat
for tashahhud, he placed his left hand on his left knee and placed his right
hand on his right knee, and he formed a ring like (fifty-three) and pointed with
his finger of attestation.[Muslim]
Note: There
is disagreement amongst the scholars as to how the pointing during Tashahudd
should be done with some Hanafi Scholars preferring the opinion that index
finger of the right hand should be raised during the denial part of Shahada
(testimony) and kept raised till the end of the Salah.
49. If
this is a 4 Rakaat Salah then the person should stand and complete the 3rd and
the 4th Rakaat as described above.
50. In the last sitting (i.e. the 1st sitting of a 2 Rakaat Salah or the 2nd
sitting of a 4 Rakaat Salah), the Salat Alan-Nabi (Durood Shareef) should be
recited, which is as follows.
اللھم
صلی علی محمد و علی آل محمد کما صلیت علی ابراھیم
و علی آل ابراھیم انک حمید مجید
اللھم
بارک علی محمد و علی آل محمد کما بارکت
علی ابراھیم و علی آل ابراھیم انک حمید مجید
0 Allah, bless Muhammad and the members of his household as Thou didst bless the
mernbers of Ibrahim's household. Grant favours to Muhammad and the members of
his household as Thou didst grant favours to the members of the household of
Ibrahim in the world. Thou art indeed Praiseworthy and Glorious
Abdullah b. Zaid (RA) -he who was shown the call (for
prayer in a dream) narrated it on the authority of Mas'ad al-Ansiri (RA) who
said: We were sitting in the company of Sa'id b. 'Ubida (RA) when the Messenger
of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) came to us. Bashir b. S'ad (RA) said:
Allah has commanded us to bless you. Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi
wasallam)! But how should we bless you? He (the narrator) said: The Messenger of
Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) kept quiet (and we were so much perturbed
over his silence) that we wished we had not asked him. The Messenger of Allah
(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) then said: (For blessing me) say:" 0 Allah, bless
Muhammad and the members of his household as Thou didst bless the mernbers of
Ibrahim's household. Grant favours to Muhammad and the members of his household
as Thou didst grant favours to the members of the household of Ibrahim in the
world. Thou art indeed Praiseworthy and Glorious" ; and salutation as you know.
51. It
is Sunnah to
supplicate (make dua) for whatever one wishes after Salat Alan-Nabi (Durood
Shareef). The following is one of the duas mentioned in Hadeeth:
اللھم
انی ظلمت نفسی ظلما کثیرا ولا یغفر الذنوب الا انت
فاغفر لی مغفرة من عندک وارحمنی انک انت الغفور الرحیم
O Allah, verily I have greatly wronged myself and no one forgives sins except
You so forgive me with a forgiveness from You and have mercy on me. You are
indeed All-Forgiving and All-Merciful.
Abdullah Ibn Amr (RA) reported that Abu Bakr (RA) said
to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam), “Teach me a supplication
that I may use in my Salahs, He(sallallahu alaihi wasallam) replied, Say, “O
Allah, verily I have greatly wronged myself and no one forgives sins except You
so forgive me with a forgiveness from You and have mercy on me. You are indeed
All-Forgiving and All-Merciful.
52.
Salah should now be finished by saying Salam to the right side and then the left
side while saying “Asslamo Allaikum Wa Rahmatullah”.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I offered prayer along
with the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wasallam). He would give the salutation to
his right side (saying): Peace be upon you and mercy of Allah; and to his left
side (saying): Peace be upon you and mercy of Allah.[Abu Dawud]
53.
There are many Adhkar related in the
Sunnah e.g. uttering Subhanullah (33
times), Alhumdolillah (33 times) and Allahu Akbar (34 times).
Ka'b b. 'Ujra (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (sallallahu
alaihi wasallam) as saying: There are certain utterances, the repeaters of which
or the performers of which after every prescribed prayer will never be caused
disappointment:" Glory be to Allah" thirty-three times." Praise be to Allah"
thirty-three times, and" Allah is most Great" thirty-four times.
[Muslim]
54.
There are many supplications related in the
Sunnah and some of them are listed
below after reading Astaghfirullah (3 times)
Mu`adh (bin Jabal) (May Allah be pleased with him)
reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) held my hand and said, "O Mu`adh, By Allah,
I love you and advise you not to miss supplicating after every Salat (prayer)
saying: `Allahumma a`inni `ala dhikrika wa shukrika, wa husni `ibadatika,' (O
Allah, help me remember You, expressing gratitude to You and worship You in the
best manner)".[Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i].
اللھم اعنی
علی ذکرک و شکرک
وحسن عبادتک
Thauban (RA) reported: When the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
finished his prayer. he begged forgiveness three times and said: O Allah! Thou
art Peace, and peace comes from Thee; Blessed art Thou, O Possessor of Glory and
Honour. Walid reported: I said to Auza'i: How Is the seeking of forgiveness? He
replied: You should say:, I beg forgiveness from Allah, 1 beg forgiveness from
Allah."
اللھم انت السلام و منک السلام
تبارکت یا ذا
الجلال و اللاکرام
If any of these are missed
then the prayer will need to be repeated
1.
To say Takbeer-e-Tahreema i.e.
اللھ اکبر
2.
Qiyam i.e. Standing
3.
Recitation of the Qur’aan of at least three short
or one long verse
4.
Ruku i.e. bowing
5.
To perform both Sajdahs
6.
Qa’dah Akheerah i.e. to sit for so long at the
end of the Salah that one can read Tashahud
If any of these are missed
unknowingly then Sajda Sah’w will need to be performed to correct
the prayer; however if it is missed knowingly or no Sajda Sah’w is
performed then the prayer will need to be repeated
1.
Fixing the first two Rakaat of Fardh Salah for recitation
2.
It is Waajib to recite Al-Fatiha in all Rakaats of all prayers except 3rd
and 4th Rakaat of Fardh in which it is Sunnah
3.
To recite at least three short or
one long verse after Al-Fatiha in the first two Rakaats of Fardh and in all
Rakaats of all other prayers
4.
To recite Al-Fatiha before any other Surah
5.
To maintain order between Qiyaam, Ruku, Sajdah & Rakaats
6.
Qaumah i.e. standing after Ruku
7.
Jalsah i.e. sitting between the two Sajdahs
8.
Ta’deele Arkaan i.e. performing Ruku, Sajdah with contentment and in a good
manner
9.
Qa’dah oola i.e. to sit after the first two Rakaat in 4 Rakaat prayer to
the extent of reciting Tashahud
10.
To read Tashahud in the two Qa’dahs
11.
Imam to recite loudly during the first
two Rakaat of Maghrib and Esha and in all Rakaats of Faj’r Jummah, Taraweeh, Eid
& Wit’r (in Ramadhan)
12.
To complete the prayers after saying
Salam
13.
To say Takbeer after Qunoot in Wit’r
14.
To say six additional takbeers in Eidain
If any of the Waajib is
missed unknowingly then at the end of the Salah after Attihiyaat Salam should be
done on the right side only and then two additional Sajdahs performed and
finally Salah should then be finished as normal
1.
To raise the hands up to the ears before saying Takbeer-e-Tahreema
2.
While raising the hands for Takbeer, keeping the fingers together and palms
facing the Qiblah
3.
Not to bend the head while saying the Takbeer
4.
Saying of Takbeers (Takbeer-e-Takreema) and others aloud by the Imam
5.
To fold the right hand over the left hand below the navel
6.
Saying Thana
7.
To recite Ta’awwuz
8.
To recite the complete Bismillah
9.
To only recite Al-Fatiha in the 3rd and 4th Rakaat of
Fardh Salah
10.
To say Ameen (softly)
11.
To recite Thana, Ta’awwuz, Bismillah and
Ameen softly
12.
To recite as much of the Qur’aan is
Sunnah:
a.
Faj’r: From Surah Hujarat (26th Part) up to Surah Inshiqaaq (30th
part)
b.
Zoh’r, Asar & Esha: From Surah Al-Burooj (30th part) till Surah
Al-Qad’r (30th Part)
c.
Maghrib: From Surah Al-Bayyinah (30th part) till Surah An-Naas
(30th part)
13.
To say Tasbeeh at least three times in
Ruku and Sajdah
14.
To keep the back and the head at the
same level during Ruku while holding both knees with fingers of both hands
15.
For the Imam to say “Sami-Allahu Liman
Hamida” and the Muqtadi (followers) to read “Rabbana Wa Lakal Hamd” and the
individual to recite both
16.
While going into Sajdah to place the
knees, palms, then the nose and then the forehead
17.
In Qa’dah (or Jalsa) to place the left
foot on the ground horizontally and sitting on it and keep the right foot
vertically with the toes pointing towards the Qiblah
18.
To raise the index finger when one
recite the Kalima in Tashahud
19.
To recite Durood Shareef in Qa’dah
Akheerah after Tashahud
20.
To read dua after
Durood Shareef in Qa’dah Akheerah after Tashahud
21.
To turn the face to the right during
Salam first
1.
To pull the palms out of the sleeves while saying the Takbeer-e- Takreema
2.
To say the Tasbeeh more then three times during Ruku and Sajdah
3.
To fix the gaze towards the place of Sajdah in Qiyaam, towards the feet in
Ruku and on the lap during Qa’dah and on the shoulders during Salam
4.
To try not to cough
5.
To try not to yawn and if the mouth is opened to cover it with the back of
the right hand in Qiyaam and with the back of the left hand in all other
postures
1.
To pray bareheaded due to laziness or to pray while arms are exposed above
the elbows
2.
To play with the clothes or the body during Prayers
3.
Praying in clothes in which people ordinarily do not go out
4.
To dust the floor with one’s hand to prevent the soiling of clothes
5.
Praying when one has the urge to urinate or pass stool
6.
To crack fingers or putting the fingers of one hand into the other
7.
Turning the face away from Qiblah and looking around
8.
For men to rest both arms and wrists on the ground during Sajdah
9.
Praying one someone else in sitting in front facing you
10.
Yawning intentionally and not trying to
prevent it
11.
Closing the eyes but if it is done to
enhance concentration then it is permissible
12.
Standing alone in a row when there is
space in the front row for a mature (baaligh) person
13.
Praying in clothes with pictures of
living things on them
14.
Praying in a place where this is a
picture in front, above, right or left or at the place of Sajdah
15.
To count Ayahs, Surahs, Tasbeehs on the
fingers while praying
16.
Praying while sheets or clothes wrapped
around in such a way which will make it difficult to free the hands quickly
17.
To yawn or stretch arms to remove
laziness
Doing something against Sunnah while praying |
