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Sunnah Method & Description of Salah of a Muslim Woman
Hanafi Madhab Fiqh
Manual with Evidence from Qur'aan, Sunnah, Ijmah & Qiyas
Note: In the Madhab of Imam Abu
Haneefa (RA) the postures during Salah for men and women differ, the general
evidence for this difference is as follows and the specific evidence will be
discussed later with a separate post detailing the Salah for women.
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/menwmdiff.htm
The sunnah posture of a female in any position of salah is that which is the
most concealing for her.
Imam Baihaqi says,”All of the laws of salah in which a woman differs from a man
are based on the principle of satr (concealment). This means that the woman is
instructed to do all that which is more concealing for her.”[Baihaqi 2/314]
In the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) due to the principle of satr
(concealment) there are five fundamental differences in posture during Salah:
a) At the beginning of Salah women should raise their hands upto the shoulders
or close to bosom
b) During Qiyaam (standing) women should place their hands on their bosom and in
doing so they can adopt “Akdh (grasping)” or “wadh (placing)” according to
personal preference
c) During Ruku they should tuck their arms into the body and bend enough for the
hands to reach the knees and hands should be placed on the knees (as opposed to
grasping the knees)
d) In prostration they should cling to the ground
e) During Tashahhud women should take out both legs to the right and sit on
their posterior without raising the right foot
1. There is no Salah before its time, and it must be ensured that the time for
Salah has actually started.
[4:103] Once you have finished your
Salāh, then, remember Allah while standing, sitting and reclining. As soon as
you are secure, perform Salāh as due. Surely, Salāh is an obligation on the
believers that is tied up with time.
2. There is no Salah without being in the state of Wudhu.
[5:6] O you who believe, when you rise
for Salāh, (prayer) wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, and make
MasH (wiping by hands) of your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. If
you are in a state of major impurity, cleanse yourselves well (by taking bath).
If you are sick, or on a journey, or if one of you has come after relieving
himself, or you have had sexual contact with women, and you find no water, then,
go for some clean dust and wipe your faces and hands with it. Allah does not
like to impose a problem on you; He, rather likes to cleanse you and to complete
His favour upon you, so that you may be grateful.
Hammam b. Munabbih (RA) who is the brother of Wahb b. Munabbih. (RA) said: This
is what has been transmitted to us by Abu Huraira (RA) from Muhammad, the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and then narrated a hadith out of them
and observed that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The
prayer of none amongst you would be accepted in a state of impurity till he
performs ablution. [Muslim]
3. Body, clothes and location of prayer must be Taahir (free from impurities).
[74:4] and purify your clothes,
Jabir Ibn Samra (RA) narrates that a man asked Rasul-ullah (ﷺ), “Should I
pray in the same clothes in which I went (cohabited) to my wife in?” He (ﷺ) replied,
“Yes unless you find some impurity on it which should clean and purify”. [Ahmed]
4. Awrah of a woman must be covered and her Awrah is all her body except the
face, palms and feet.
[24:31] And tell the believing women
that they must lower their gazes and guard their private parts, and must not
expose their adornment, except that which appears thereof, and must wrap their
bosoms with their shawls, and must not expose their adornment, except to their
husbands or their fathers or the fathers of their husbands, or to their sons or
the sons of their husbands, or to their brothers or the sons of their brothers
or the sons of their sisters, or to their women, or to those owned by their
right hands, or male attendants having no (sexual) urge, or to the children who
are not yet conscious of the shames of women. And let them not stamp their feet
in a way that the adornment they conceal is known. And repent to Allah O
believers, all of you, so that you may achieve success.
Aisha (RA) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, “Allah
(SWT) does not accept the Salah of an adult woman unless she is wearing a Khimar
(head covering).” [Abu Dawud]
It is related from Umm Salamah (RA) that she asked Rasulullah (Sallallaahu
Alayhi Wasallam), “Can a woman pray in a long shirt and head covering without a
loincloth?” He (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, “If the shirt is long and
flowing and covers the top of her feet.” [Abu Dawud]
Note: There is a difference of opinion amongst scholars about the feet being
covered in Salah and it is preferable and more precautionary for them to be
covered, however the one who chooses to follow the other opinion (i.e. the feet
not being covered) should not be criticized & the matter is discussed in detail
here:
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/hanwofeet.htm
5. A person must face the Qiblah (direction of Kaba’h) during Salah.
[2:144] We have been seeing you turning
your face to the heavens. So, We will certainly assign to you a Qiblah that you
would like. Now, turn your face in the direction of the Sacred Mosque
(Al-Masjid-ul-Harām), and (O Muslims), wherever you are, turn your faces in its
direction. Even those who have been given the Book know well that it is the
truth from their Lord, and Allah is not unaware of what they do.
6. The best place to pray for a woman is her home, rather a corner of her room.
[2:144] Narrated Umm Humaid As-Sa’diyah
(RA) who once said to the Prophet (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam): Messenger of
Allah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam)! I love to pray with you (i.e. in the
mosque)! Upon hearing this, Allah’s Messenger (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam)
said: "I know that you love to say your prayer with me. However, the prayer you
offer in your residence is more excellent than that you offer in your people’s
mosque. And your prayer in your people’s mosque is better for you than you
prayer in the (lager) congregational mosque." [Abu Dawud;, Musnad of Imaam
Ahmad; & At-Tabarani]
Note: There is no obligation on women to visit the Mosque & perform regular
congregational Salah (at the Mosque) and no evidence to suggest that praying in
the Mosque with congregation carries greater reward or can be classed as Sunnah,
rather the promise of greater reward is with praying at home, however they
shouldn’t be prevented from attending the Mosque.
7. During congregational Salah; similar to men, woman should also straighten
their rows and make sure that there are no gaps in between them but joining
ankle to ankle is extremism.
Nu’maan ibn Bashir (radhiallaahu anhu)
narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) would straighten our
Saffs with such care that even arrow shafts could be straightened with them (by
using them as a guide) until he saw that we understood (the importance of
straightening the Saffs). Once he came out and stood (on his Musalla) and just
before making Takbeer he noticed a person’s chest sticking out of the Saff.
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘O Servants of Allah! Straighten
your Saffs or else Allah will cause division amongst your hearts.’ [Muslim]
Note: Joining ankle to ankle is not the aim but a means of achieving the aims
and to insist on this during Salah is extremism as discussed here:
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/anklshyuth.htm
8. It is recommended to place a Sutrah (a barrier or partition) in front when
praying.
Sahl Ibn Hathmah (RA) reported that
Rasul-ullah (ﷺ) said, “When one of you prays, he
should pray towards his Sutrah and he should be close to it”.[Abu Dawud]
9. The minimum height of Sutrah should be length of an arm, and its width at
least a finger.
Sabrah Ibn Ma’bad (RA) reported that
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “When one of you prays, he
should make a barrier for his Salah, even it is an arrow”.[Ahmad]
Talha (RA) said that we used to pray and animals would pass in front of us. We
mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (SWT) and he said, “If anything the
size of saddle is in front of you, nothing that passes beyond it will harm
you”.[Muslim]
Note: The size of saddle has been interpreted by Nafi (RA), Ata (RA), Sufyan
Thawri (RA) as the length of an arm. [Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
10. It is forbidden to cross between the Sutrah and the one who is praying.
Narrated Busr bin Said (RA) narrates
that Zaid bin Khalid (RA) sent him to Abi Juhaim (RA) to ask him what he had
heard from Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) about a person passing in front of
another person who was praying. Abu Juhaim (RA) replied, "Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said, 'If the person who passes in
front of another person in prayer knew the magnitude of his sin he would prefer
to wait for 40 (days, months or years) rather than to pass in front of him." Abu
An-Nadr (RA) said, "I do not remember exactly whether he said 40 days, months or
years."[Bukhari]
11. Make the intention for Salah before starting, “I am performing Salah [name
of Salah] for Allah (SWT)” adding “behind the Imam if it is being done in
congregation.
Rasul-ullah (ﷺ) has said,
“Every action is based on Intention, and everyone shall have what he intended”.
[Bukhari]
Note: Intention doesn’t need to be uttered verbally or loudly, it is an action
of the heart.
12. Both feet should be kept together as it is more concealment for her & then
both hands should be raised while uttering the Takbeer, “Allahu-Akbar”, however
women should not raise their hands higher than the shoulders.
Sayyiduna Wail bin Hujr (RA) reports
that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه
وسلم) said, “O Ibn Hujr (RA) ! When you pray
make your hands level with your ears. And the woman shall raise her hands close
to her bosom”. [Tabarani]
The great Tabiyyah scholar Umm Al-Darda (RA) used to raise her hands up to the
level of the shoulders when she started Salah. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ata Ibn Abi Rabah (RA) was asked how a woman should raise her hands in Salah and
he (RA) replied, “Opposite to her breasts”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Imam Zuhri (RA) said that a woman should raise her hands up to her shoulders.
[Ibn Abi Shaybah]
13. Eyes should now be focused at the place of prostration.
Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) used to
incline his head slightly and fix his eyes towards the ground. [Baihiqi & Hakim]
14. Person praying should not look upwards or sideways.
Aisha (RA) narrated that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) prayed in a
cloak which had some designs in it. He (ﷺ) said, “These
designs have distracted me. Take this cloak to Abu Jahm and bring me a plain
one”. [Muslim]
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) said, “Those
who raise their gaze to the sky during Salah should stop doing so or their sight
may be taken away”. [Bukhari]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) did not like one to gaze beyond the place of Sajdah
(prostration). [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
15. Closing eyes is disliked in Salah.
Ibn Abbas(RA) narrated that Rasul-ulah (ﷺ) said, “When
one of you stands up in Salah, he should not close his eyes”. [Tabarani]
16. A woman should place her hands over her chest because this provides more
concealment for her. [Al-Mawsili]
17. Then Thana should be recited which is as follows.
سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك تبارك اسمك وتعالى جدك ولا إله غيرك
Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and
Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside Thee
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab
(RA) used to recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa
tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and
Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and
there is no other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in
writing that Anas b. Malik (RA) had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr
(RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA). They started (loud recitation) with:
AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the
worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the
beginning of the recitation or at the end of it. [Muslim]
Note: Imam Muhammad (RA) said, “We say this in the opening of Salah, but we do
not say that Imam or follower should say it loudly; Umar (RA) said it loudly in
order to teach others what they had asked him [Kitabul Athar].
18. Person should now recite Ta’awudh (Audho Billahi Minash-Shaytaanir Rajeem)
and Bismillah quietly.
[16:98] So, when you recite the Qur‘ān,
seek refuge with Allah against Satan, the accursed.
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (RA) used to recite loudly these words:
Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha
ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy
Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and there is no other object of worship beside
Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in writing that Anas b. Malik (RA) had narrated to
him: I observed prayer behind the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr
(RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA). They started (loud recitation) with:
AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the
worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the
beginning of the recitation or at the end of it. [Muslim]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Four things should be said quietly by the Imam:
i) Thana
ii) Ta’awudh
iii) Bismillah
iv) Amin
[Kitabul Athar]
19. Person should now recite Al-Fatiha.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA):
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said, "Whoever does not recite
Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
20. Person praying alone should now recite Al-Fatiha.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA):
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said, "Whoever does not recite
Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
21. Person praying alone should now recite some Qur’aan in the following Rakaats
of Salah after Surah Al-Fatihah:
i) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Faj’r
ii) First two Rakaat of Salat Az-Zuh’r
iii) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Jummuah
iv) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-As’r
v) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Maghrib
vi) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Esha
vii) In all Rakaat of all Sunnah prayers
viii) In all Rakaat of all Nafila (optional) prayers
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Qatada (RA):
My father (RA) said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) in Zuhr
prayers used to recite Al-Fatiha along with two other Suras in the first two
Rakat: a long one in the first Rak'a and a shorter (Sura) in the second, and at
times the verses were audible. In the 'Asr prayer the Prophet used to recite
Al-Fatiha and two more Suras in the first two Rakat and used to prolong the
first Rak'a. And he used to prolong the first Rak'a of the Fajr prayer and
shorten the second." [Bukhari]
Amir Al-Shabi (RA) narrated that Umar (RA) wrote to Shurayh (RA) asking him to
read Al-Fatihah and another Surah in the first two Rakaats, and Al-Fatihah only
in the last two Rakaats. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Do not add anything to Al-Fatihah in the last two
Rakaats. Imam Muhammad (RA) said, “This is the opinion of Abu Haneefa (RA) and
we adhere to it. [Kitabul Athar]
Note: It is my intention to post some of the available Sunnah on what Prophet (ﷺ) recited in
each Salah separately, Insha’Allah.
22. If praying in congregational Salah then the recitation of the Imam is
sufficient for the follower and recitation of Al-Fatihah or the Surah is not
required by followers when praying in congregational Salah.
[7:204] When the Qur‘ān is recited,
listen to it and be silent, so that you may be blessed.
Note: There is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the Sunnah of Prophet (ﷺ) and in the
Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is stated that the recitation of Imam is
sufficient.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/rectfth.htm
23. Person should now pronounce the Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) and go into Ruku
(bowing) and the most concealing posture for a woman should be adopted i.e. :
a) A woman should only bend enough for the hands to reach the knees
b) The hands should be placed (rather than grasping) on the knees with the
fingers kept together
c) Elbows should touch the side of the body
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Narrated Mus'ab bin Sa'd (RA): I offered prayer beside my father (RA) and
approximated both my hands and placed them in between the knees. My father (RA)
told me not to do so and said, "We used to do the same but we were forbidden (by
the Prophet (ﷺ)) to do it and were ordered to place
the hands on the knees." [Bukhari]
Ataa (RA) says, “A woman should pull herself together when she bows down into
ruk'u: she should bring up her arms to her stomach and pull herself together as
much as possible. When she prostrates she should bring up her arms close to her
and press her bosom and stomach against her thighs: she should pull herself
together as much as possible.” [Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
Note: There is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the Sunnah of Prophet (ﷺ) and in the
Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is preferred that hands should not be raised
except at the beginning.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/detraf.htm
24. Person should now pronounce the following at least three times.
سبحان ربی العظیم
Glory be to my Mighty Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the
glorifications at least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for
the prostrations or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
25. Person now rises from the Ruku (bowing) while uttering the following:
سمع اللھ لمن حمدہ
Allah listens to the one who praises Him
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say
the Takbir when he says it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman
hamida', say, ' Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray
sitting altogether if he prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
26. While standing upright the following should be recited:
ربنا و
لک الحمد
Our Lord, [and] to You be all Praise
OR
ربنا لک
الحمد
Our Lord, to You be all Praise
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say
the Takbir when he says it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman
hamida', say, ' Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray
sitting altogether if he prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
27. It is Sunnah to be stand upright and be tranquil before going into Sujood
(prostration).
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved
friend, Muhammad (ﷺ) forbade me to perform postures of
prayer copying the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast performance of
prayer), moving eyes around like a fox and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit
on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The worst thief is the one who
steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ! How could one steal from his own
prayer?' He (ﷺ) said: "By
not completing its rukoo' and sujood." [Tabarni, Hakim]
28. Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah to place the knees before the hands on the ground.
During Sujood (prostration) the body should be drawn together with the front of
the thighs touching the stomach and the back placed on the calves, the shins
placed flat on the ground and buttocks should touch the heels of the feet.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that
the Prophet (ﷺ) placed his knees (on the ground)
before placing his hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he
raised his hands before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the
direction of the Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) said, “When a woman does Sajdah she should hold herself
and join her thighs”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibn Abbas (RA) was asked about the Salah of a woman and he (RA) answered. “She
should gather and join herself”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim An-Nakhai (RA) said, “When the woman does Sajdah she should draw and
join her thighs and her stomach should touch her thighs.” [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
29. The following should now be recited at least three times in Sujood
(prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The scholars prefer the one bowing
or prostrating to make the glorifications at least three times." However the
minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations or bowings is one glorification
[Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
30. Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while rising from the Sujood
(prostration) and while sitting both legs should be drawn to the right side and
the right foot should not be kept standing. It is Sunnah to pause a little while
the body rests during the two prostrations. Furthermore the following recitation
is praiseworthy during the two prostrations.
اللھم اغفر لی و ارحمنی و اھدنی و اجبرنی و ارزقنی
O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, deliver free from need (&
poverty), and provide for me
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas (RA): The
Prophet (ﷺ) used to say between the two
prostrations: "O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, heal me, and
provide for me." [Abu Dawud]
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad (ﷺ) forbade me
to perform postures of prayer copying the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast
performance of prayer), moving eyes around like a fox and the sitting like
monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
Khalid bin al Lajlaaj (RA) reports as part of a longer hadeeth that women were
ordered to do tarabb'u (.e., to draw out one's right leg towards the right side
of the body and to place the left leg beneath the right leg) when sitting in
salah.[Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Nafi' (RA) narrates that Safiyyah (
رضئ الله عنها ) would pray and do tarabb'u. [Ibn Abi
Shaybah & Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
Nafi' (RA) also narrates that the womenfolk of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar's (رضئ الله عنه ) family would do tarabb'u.[Ibn Abi
Shaybah]
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (رضئ الله عنه ) was once asked, 'How did women pray
their salah during the time of the Prophet (ﷺ) ' He
replied, 'They used to sit cross legged until they were told to practice ihtifaz
[Narrated by all three, Abu Muhammad al Bukhari, Qadhi Umar bin al Hasan
Ashnani, and Ibn Khusruw in their Musnads of Imam Abu Hanifah's ahadeeth Ihtifaz
is to lean to one side and rest on the posterior. It is more or less the same a
sadl].
Students of the great Muhadith Imam Anwar Shah Kashmiri Hanafi (RA) have
recorded in their notes that he (RA) used to strongly advise the reading of this
dua between the two prostrations.
31 . Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into second
Sujood (prostration). It is Sunnah to place the knees before the hands on the
ground. During Sujood (prostration) the body should be drawn together with the
front of the thighs touching the stomach and the back placed on the calves, the
shins placed flat on the ground and buttocks should touch the heels of the feet.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that
the Prophet (ﷺ) placed his knees (on the ground)
before placing his hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he
raised his hands before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the
direction of the Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) said, “When a woman does Sajdah she should hold herself
and join her thighs”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibn Abbas (RA) was asked about the Salah of a woman and he (RA) answered. “She
should gather and join herself”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim An-Nakhai (RA) said, “When the woman does Sajdah she should draw and
join her thighs and her stomach should touch her thighs.” [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Note: The scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the
glorifications at least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for
the prostrations or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
32 . Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while standing for the second
Rakaat.
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): Once the
Prophet (ﷺ) entered the mosque, a man came in,
offered the prayer and greeted the Prophet (ﷺ) .The Prophet
(ﷺ) returned his
greeting and said to him, "Go back and pray again for you have not prayed." The
man offered the prayer again, came back and greeted the Prophet(ﷺ) . He said to him thrice, "Go back and
pray again for you have not prayed." The man said, "By Him Who has sent you with
the truth! I do not know a better way of praying. Kindly teach Me how to pray."
He said, "When you stand for the prayer, say Takbir and then recite from the
Qur'an what you know and then bow with calmness till you feel at ease, then rise
from bowing till you stand straight. Afterwards prostrate calmly till you feel
at ease and then raise (your head) and sit with Calmness till you feel at ease
and then prostrate with calmness till you feel at ease in prostration and do the
same in the whole of your prayer." [Bukhari]
Note: There is a disagreement in this matter with some scholars stating that the
Sunnah is to rest before standing upright. The Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA)
is quoted.
33. The one praying alone should now say Bismillah quietly.
'Abda (RA) reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab
(RA) used to recite loudly these words: Subhanak Allahumma wa bi hamdika wa
tabarakasmuka wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuka [Glory to Thee,0 Allah, and
Thine is the Praise, and Blessed is Thy Name. and Exalted is Thy Majesty. and
there is no other object of worship beside Thee]. Qatada (RA) informed in
writing that Anas b. Malik (RA) had narrated to him: I observed prayer behind
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr
(RA) and Umar (RA) and 'Uthman (RA). They started (loud recitation) with:
AI-hamdu lillahi Rabb al-'Alamin [All Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the
worlds] and did not recite Bismillah ir- Rahman-ir-Rahim (loudly) at the
beginning of the recitation or at the end of it. [Muslim]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Four things should be said quietly by the Imam:
i) Thana
ii) Ta’awudh
iii) Bismillah
iv) Amin[Kitabul Athar]
Note: In the Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) Ta’awudh (Audho Billahi
Minash-Shaytaanir Rajeem) is only recited in the first Rakaah because as per the
evidence from the Qur’aan (below) the recitation of the Qur’aan was started in
the first Rakaat.
[16:98] So, when you recite the Qur‘ān, seek refuge with Allah against Satan,
the accursed.
34. The one praying alone should now recite Al-Fatiha in the second Rakaat.
Narrated 'Ubada bin As-Samit (RA):
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said, "Whoever does not recite
Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid." [Bukhari]
35. The one praying alone should now recite some Qur’aan in the following
Rakaats of Salah after Surah Al-Fatihah :
i) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Faj’r
ii) First two Rakaat of Salat Az-Zuh’r
iii) Both Rakaats of Salat Al-Jummuah
iv) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-As’r
v) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Maghrib
vi) First two Rakaat of Salat Al-Esha
vii) In all Rakaat of all Sunnah prayers
viii) In all Rakaat of all Nafila (optional) prayers
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Qatada (RA):
My father (RA) said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) in Zuhr
prayers used to recite Al-Fatiha along with two other Suras in the first two
Rakat: a long one in the first Rak'a and a shorter (Sura) in the second, and at
times the verses were audible. In the 'Asr prayer the Prophet used to recite
Al-Fatiha and two more Suras in the first two Rakat and used to prolong the
first Rak'a. And he used to prolong the first Rak'a of the Fajr prayer and
shorten the second." [Bukhari]
Amir Al-Shabi (RA) narrated that Umar (RA) wrote to Shurayh (RA) asking him to
read Al-Fatihah and another Surah in the first two Rakaats, and Al-Fatihah only
in the last two Rakaats. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim Nakhai (RA) said, “Do not add anything to Al-Fatihah in the last two
Rakaats. Imam Muhammad (RA) said, “This is the opinion of Abu Haneefa (RA) and
we adhere to it. [Kitabul Athar]
Note: It is my intention to post some of the available Sunnah on what Prophet (ﷺ) recited in
each Salah separately, Insha’Allah.
36. The recitation of the Imam is sufficient for the follower and recitation of
Al-Fatihah or the Surah is not required by followers when praying in
congregational Salah.
[7:204] When the Qur‘ān is recited,
listen to it and be silent, so that you may be blessed.
Note: There is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the Sunnah of Prophet (ﷺ) and in the
Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is stated that the recitation of Imam is
sufficient.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/rectfth.htm
37. Person should now pronounce the Takbeer (Allahu Akbar) and go into Ruku
(bowing) and the most concealing posture for a woman should be adopted i.e. :
a) A woman should only bend enough for the hands to reach the knees
b) The hands should be placed (rather than grasping) on the knees with the
fingers kept together
c) Elbows should touch the side of the body
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Narrated Mus'ab bin Sa'd (RA): I offered prayer beside my father (RA) and
approximated both my hands and placed them in between the knees. My father (RA)
told me not to do so and said, "We used to do the same but we were forbidden (by
the Prophet (ﷺ)) to do it and were ordered to place
the hands on the knees." [Bukhari]
Ataa (RA) says, “A woman should pull herself together when she bows down into
ruk'u: she should bring up her arms to her stomach and pull herself together as
much as possible. When she prostrates she should bring up her arms close to her
and press her bosom and stomach against her thighs: she should pull herself
together as much as possible.” [Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
Note: There is a disagreement amongst scholars as to the Sunnah of Prophet (ﷺ) and in the
Madhab of Imam Abu Haneefa (RA) it is preferred that hands should not be raised
except at the beginning.
For detailed discussion, please see :
http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/detraf.htm
38. Person should now pronounce the following at least three times.
سبحان ربی العظیم
Glory be to my Mighty Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
Note: The scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the
glorifications at least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for
the prostrations or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
39. The one praying alone rises from the Ruku (bowing) while uttering the
following:
سمع اللھ لمن حمدہ
Allah listens to the one who praises Him
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say
the Takbir when he says it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman
hamida', say, ' Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray
sitting altogether if he prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
40. While standing upright the following should be recited:
ربنا و
لک الحمد
Our Lord, [and] to You be all Praise
OR
ربنا لک
الحمد
Our Lord, to You be all Praise
Narrated Abu Huraira (RA): The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Imam is to be followed. Say
the Takbir when he says it; bow if he bows; if he says 'Sami a-l-lahu Liman
hamida', say, ' Rabbana wa-laka-l-hamd', prostrate if he prostrates and pray
sitting altogether if he prays sitting." as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Bukhari]
41. It is Sunnah to be stand upright and be tranquil before going into Sujood
(prostration).
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved
friend, Muhammad (ﷺ) forbade me to perform postures of
prayer copying the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast performance of
prayer), moving eyes around like a fox and the sitting like monkeys (i.e. to sit
on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The worst thief is the one who
steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ! How could one steal from his own
prayer?' He (ﷺ) said: "By
not completing its rukoo' and sujood." [Tabarni, Hakim
42. Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah to place the knees before the hands on the ground.
During Sujood (prostration) the body should be drawn together with the front of
the thighs touching the stomach and the back placed on the calves, the shins
placed flat on the ground and buttocks should touch the heels of the feet.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that
the Prophet (ﷺ) placed his knees (on the ground)
before placing his hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he
raised his hands before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the
direction of the Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) said, “When a woman does Sajdah she should hold herself
and join her thighs”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibn Abbas (RA) was asked about the Salah of a woman and he (RA) answered. “She
should gather and join herself”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim An-Nakhai (RA) said, “When the woman does Sajdah she should draw and
join her thighs and her stomach should touch her thighs.” [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
43. The following should now be recited at least three times in Sujood
(prostration).
سبحان ربی الاعلی
Glory be to my Exalted Lord
Hudhaifa (RA) reported: I prayed with
the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) one night and he started reciting
al-Baqara. I thought that he would bow at the end of one hundred verses, but he
proceeded on; I then thought that he would perhaps recite the whole (surah) in a
rak'ah, but he proceeded and I thought he would perhaps bow on completing (this
surah). He then started al-Nisa', and recited it; he then started Al-i-'Imran
and recited leisurely. And when he recited the verses which referred to the
Glory of Allah, he glorified (by saying Subhan Allah-Glory to my Lord the
Great), and when he recited the verses which tell (how the Lord) is to be
begged, he (the Holy Prophet) would then beg (from Him), and when he recited the
verses dealing with protection from the Lord, he sought (His) protection and
would then bow and say: Glory be to my Mighty Lord; his bowing lasted about the
same length of time as his standing (and then on returning to the standing
posture after ruku') he would say: Allah listened to him who praised Him, and he
would then stand about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He
would then prostrate himself and say: Glory be to my Lord most High, and his
prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing. In the hadith
transmitted by Jarir the words are:" He (the Holy Prophet) would say:" Allah
listened to him who praised Him, our Lord, to Thee the praise." [Muslim]
The scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the glorifications at
least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for the prostrations
or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
44. Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while rising from the Sujood
(prostration). It is Sunnah to pause a little while the body rests during the
two prostrations. Furthermore the following recitation is praiseworthy during
the two prostrations.
اللھم اغفر لی و ارحمنی و اھدنی و اجبرنی و ارزقنی
O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, deliver free from need (&
poverty), and provide for me
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas (RA): The
Prophet (ﷺ) used to say between the two
prostrations: "O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, heal me, and
provide for me." [Abu Dawud]
Abu Hurairah (RA) said: "My beloved friend, Muhammad (ﷺ) forbade me
to perform postures of prayer copying the picking of a rooster; (signifying fast
performance of prayer), moving eyes around like a fox and the sitting like
monkeys (i.e. to sit on thighs)." [Ahmed]
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The worst thief is the one who
steals from his own prayer." People asked, 'Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) ! How could one steal from his own
prayer?' He (ﷺ) said: "By
not completing its rukoo' and sujood." [Tabarni, Hakim]
Students of the great Muhadith Imam Anwar Shah Kashmiri Hanafi (RA) have
recorded in their notes that he (RA) used to strongly advise the reading of this
dua between the two prostrations.
45 . Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while going down into second
Sujood (prostration). It is Sunnah to place the knees before the hands on the
ground. During Sujood (prostration) the body should be drawn together with the
front of the thighs touching the stomach and the back placed on the calves, the
shins placed flat on the ground and buttocks should touch the heels of the feet.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I saw that
the Prophet (ﷺ) placed his knees (on the ground)
before placing his hands when he prostrated himself. And when he stood up, he
raised his hands before his knees. Feet and toes should be positioned in the
direction of the Qiblah[Abu Dawud]
Ali Ibn Abi Talib (RA) said, “When a woman does Sajdah she should hold herself
and join her thighs”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibn Abbas (RA) was asked about the Salah of a woman and he (RA) answered. “She
should gather and join herself”. [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Ibrahim An-Nakhai (RA) said, “When the woman does Sajdah she should draw and
join her thighs and her stomach should touch her thighs.” [Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Note: The scholars prefer the one bowing or prostrating to make the
glorifications at least three times." However the minimum that is sufficient for
the prostrations or bowings is one glorification [Tirmidhi]
There is no harm in making glorifications but making it in odd numbers i.e.
5,7,9,11 is preferred.
46 . Takbeer (Allahu-Akbar) should now be recited while siting down for
Tashahudd while sitting both legs should be drawn to the right side and the
right foot should not be kept standing.
'A'isha (RA) reported: The Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ) used to begin prayer with takbir
(saying Allih-o-Akbar) and the recitation:" Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the
Universe." When he bowed he neither kept his head up nor bent it down, but kept
it between these extremes; when he raised his bead after bow- ing he did not
prostrate himself till he had stood erect; when he raised his head after
prostration he did not prostrate himself again till he satup. At the end of
every two rak'ahs he recited the tahiyya; and he used to place his left foot
flat (on the ground) and raise up the right; he prohibited the devil's way of
sitting on the heels, and he forbade people to spread out their arms like a wild
beast. And he used to finish the prayer with the taslim.[Bukhari]
Khalid bin al Lajlaaj (RA) reports as part of a longer hadeeth that women were
ordered to do tarabb'u (.e., to draw out one's right leg towards the right side
of the body and to place the left leg beneath the right leg) when sitting in
salah.[Ibn Abi Shaybah]
Nafi' (RA) narrates that Safiyyah (
رضئ الله عنها ) would pray and do tarabb'u. [Ibn Abi
Shaybah & Musannaf Abdur Razzaq]
Nafi' (RA) also narrates that the womenfolk of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar's (رضئ الله
عنه ) family would do tarabb'u.[Ibn Abi
Shaybah]
Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (رضئ
الله عنه ) was once asked, 'How did women pray
their salah during the time of the Prophet (ﷺ) ' He
replied, 'They used to sit cross legged until they were told to practice ihtifaz
[Narrated by all three, Abu Muhammad al Bukhari, Qadhi Umar bin al Hasan
Ashnani, and Ibn Khusruw in their Musnads of Imam Abu Hanifah's ahadeeth Ihtifaz
is to lean to one side and rest on the posterior. It is more or less the same a
sadl]
47 . Attahiyaat should be read as follows:
التحیات
للھ والصلوات والطیبات
السلام
علیک ایھا النبی و
رحمة اللھ و برکاتھ
اسلام
علینا وعلی عباداللھ الصالحین
اشھد ان
لا الھ الا
اللھ و اشھد ان محمد عبدہ و رسولھ
All services rendered by words, by acts of worship, and all good things are due
to Allah. Peace be upon you,0 Prophet, and Allah's mercy and blessings. Peace be
upon us and upon Allah's upright servants. I testify that there is no god but
Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger
'Abdullah Ibn Masud (RA) said: While
observing prayer behind the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) we used to
recite: Peace be upon Allah, peace be upon so and so. One day the Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ) said to us:
Verily Allah is Himself Peace. When any one of you sits during the prayer. he
should say: All services rendered by words, by acts of worship, and all good
things are due to Allah. Peace be upon you,0 Prophet, and Allah's mercy and
blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's upright servants, for when he says
this it reaches every upright servant in heaven and earth (and say further): I
testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His
servant and Messenger. Then he may choose any supplication which pleases him and
offer it. [Bukhari]
48 . When the following is reached during Attahiyaat the index finger of the
right hand should be raised during the denial part of Shahada (testimony) and
dropped on the right index finger should be put down during the affirmation part
of Shahada (testimony) while the other three fingers should be closed (as in a
fist) thus making a ring between the thumb and the index finger.
اشھد ان
لا الھ الا اللھ و اشھد ان محمد عبدہ و
رسولھ
I testify that there is no god but Allah and I testify that Muhammad is His
servant and Messenger
Ibn 'Umar (RA) reported that when the
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sat for tashahhud he placed his left
hand on his left knee. and his right hand on his right knee. and he raised his
right finger, which is next to the thumb, making supplication in this way, and
he stretched his left hand on his left knee. Another version on the authority of
Ibn Umar (RA) says: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sat for tashahhud, he placed his left
hand on his left knee and placed his right hand on his right knee, and he formed
a ring like (fifty-three) and pointed with his finger of attestation.[Muslim]
There is disagreement amongst the scholars as to how the pointing during
Tashahudd should be done with some Hanafi Scholars preferring the opinion that
index finger of the right hand should be raised during the denial part of
Shahada (testimony) and kept raised till the end of the Salah.
49. If this is a 4 Rakaat Salah then the person should stand and complete the
3rd and the 4th Rakaat as described above.
50. In the last sitting (i.e. the 1st sitting of a 2 Rakaat Salah or the 2nd
sitting of a 4 Rakaat Salah), the Salat Alan-Nabi (Durood Shareef) should be
recited, which is as follows.
اللھم
صلی علی محمد و علی آل محمد کما صلیت علی
ابراھیم و علی آل ابراھیم انک حمید مجید
اللھم
بارک علی محمد و علی آل محمد کما
بارکت علی ابراھیم و علی آل ابراھیم انک حمید مجید
0 Allah, bless Muhammad and the members of his household as Thou didst bless the
mernbers of Ibrahim's household. Grant favours to Muhammad and the members of
his household as Thou didst grant favours to the members of the household of
Ibrahim in the world. Thou art indeed Praiseworthy and Glorious
Abdullah b. Zaid (RA) -he who was shown
the call (for prayer in a dream) narrated it on the authority of Mas'ad
al-Ansiri (RA) who said: We were sitting in the company of Sa'id b. 'Ubida (RA)
when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came to us. Bashir b. S'ad (RA) said:
Allah has commanded us to bless you. Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)! But how should we bless you? He (the
narrator) said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) kept quiet
(and we were so much perturbed over his silence) that we wished we had not asked
him. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) then said:
(For blessing me) say:" 0 Allah, bless Muhammad and the members of his household
as Thou didst bless the mernbers of Ibrahim's household. Grant favours to
Muhammad and the members of his household as Thou didst grant favours to the
members of the household of Ibrahim in the world. Thou art indeed Praiseworthy
and Glorious" ; and salutation as you know.
51. It is Sunnah to supplicate (make dua) for whatever one wishes after Salat
Alan-Nabi (Durood Shareef). The following is one of the duas mentioned in
Hadeeth:
اللھم
انی ظلمت نفسی ظلما کثیرا ولا یغفر الذنوب الا انت
فاغفر لی مغفرة من عندک وارحمنی انک انت الغفور الرحیم
O Allah, verily I have greatly wronged myself and no one forgives sins except
You so forgive me with a forgiveness from You and have mercy on me. You are
indeed All-Forgiving and All-Merciful.
Abdullah Ibn Amr (RA) reported that Abu
Bakr (RA) said to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), “Teach me a
supplication that I may use in my Salahs, He(ﷺ) replied,
Say, “O Allah, verily I have greatly wronged myself and no one forgives sins
except You so forgive me with a forgiveness from You and have mercy on me. You
are indeed All-Forgiving and All-Merciful.
52. Salah should now be finished by saying Salam to the right side and then the
left side while saying “Asslamo Allaikum Wa Rahmatullah”.
Narrated Wa'il ibn Hujr (RA): I offered
prayer along with the Prophet (ﷺ). He would
give the salutation to his right side (saying): Peace be upon you and mercy of
Allah; and to his left side (saying): Peace be upon you and mercy of Allah.[Abu
Dawud]
53. There are many Adhkar related in the Sunnah e.g. uttering Subhanullah (33
times), Alhumdolillah (33 times) and Allahu Akbar (34 times).
Ka'b b. 'Ujra (RA) reported Allah's
Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: There are certain
utterances, the repeaters of which or the performers of which after every
prescribed prayer will never be caused disappointment:" Glory be to Allah"
thirty-three times." Praise be to Allah" thirty-three times, and" Allah is most
Great" thirty-four times. [Muslim]
54. There are many supplications related in the Sunnah and some of them are
listed below after reading Astaghfirullah (3 times)
Mu`adh (bin Jabal) (May Allah be pleased
with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) held my hand
and said, "O Mu`adh, By Allah, I love you and advise you not to miss
supplicating after every Salat (prayer) saying: `Allahumma a`inni `ala dhikrika
wa shukrika, wa husni `ibadatika,' (O Allah, help me remember You, expressing
gratitude to You and worship You in the best manner)".[Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i].
اللھم اعنی علی ذکرک و شکرک وحسن عبادتک
Thauban (RA) reported: When the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
finished his prayer. he begged forgiveness three times and said: O Allah! Thou
art Peace, and peace comes from Thee; Blessed art Thou, O Possessor of Glory and
Honour. Walid reported: I said to Auza'i: How Is the seeking of forgiveness? He
replied: You should say:, I beg forgiveness from Allah, 1 beg forgiveness from
Allah."
اللھم انت السلام و منک السلام تبارکت یا ذا الجلال و اللاکرام
If any of these are missed then the prayer will need to be repeated
1.
To say Takbeer-e-Tahreema i.e.
اللھ اکبر
2.
Qiyam i.e. Standing
3.
Recitation of the Qur’aan of at least three short
or one long verse
4.
Ruku i.e. bowing
5.
To perform both Sajdahs
6.
Qa’dah Akheerah i.e. to sit for so long at the
end of the Salah that one can read Tashahud
If any of these are missed unknowingly then Sajda Sah’w will
need to be performed to correct the prayer; however if it is missed
knowingly or no Sajda Sah’w is performed then the prayer will need to be
repeated
1.
Fixing the first two Rakaat of Fardh Salah for recitation
2.
It is Waajib to recite Al-Fatiha in all Rakaats of all prayers except 3rd
and 4th Rakaat of Fardh in which it is Sunnah
3.
To recite at least three short or
one long verse after Al-Fatiha in the first two Rakaats of Fardh and in all
Rakaats of all other prayers
4.
To recite Al-Fatiha before any other Surah
5.
To maintain order between Qiyaam, Ruku, Sajdah & Rakaats
6.
Qaumah i.e. standing after Ruku
7.
Jalsah i.e. sitting between the two Sajdahs
8.
Ta’deele Arkaan i.e. performing Ruku, Sajdah with contentment and in a good
manner
9.
Qa’dah oola i.e. to sit after the first two Rakaat in 4 Rakaat prayer to
the extent of reciting Tashahud
10.
To read Tashahud in the two Qa’dahs
11.
Imam to recite loudly during the first two Rakaat of Maghrib and Esha and
in all Rakaats of Faj’r Jummah, Taraweeh, Eid & Wit’r (in Ramadhan)
12.
To complete the prayers after saying Salam
13.
To say Takbeer after Qunoot in Wit’r
14.
To say six additional takbeers in Eidain
If any of the Waajib is missed unknowingly then at the end of the Salah
after Attihiyaat Salam should be done on the right side only and then two
additional Sajdahs performed and finally Salah should then be finished as normal
1.
To raise the hands up to the ears before saying Takbeer-e-Tahreema
2.
While raising the hands for Takbeer, keeping the fingers together and palms
facing the Qiblah
3.
Not to bend the head while saying the Takbeer
4.
Saying of Takbeers (Takbeer-e-Takreema) and others aloud by the Imam
5.
To fold the right hand over the left hand below the navel
6.
Saying Thana
7.
To recite Ta’awwuz
8.
To recite the complete Bismillah
9.
To only recite Al-Fatiha in the 3rd and 4th Rakaat of
Fardh Salah
10.
To say Ameen (softly)
11.
To recite Thana, Ta’awwuz, Bismillah and Ameen softly
12.
To recite as much of the Qur’aan is Sunnah:
a.
Faj’r: From Surah Hujarat (26th Part) up to Surah Inshiqaaq (30th
part)
b.
Zoh’r, Asar & Esha: From Surah Al-Burooj (30th part) till Surah
Al-Qad’r (30th Part)
c.
Maghrib: From Surah Al-Bayyinah (30th part) till Surah An-Naas
(30th part)
13.
To say Tasbeeh at least three times in Ruku and Sajdah
14.
To keep the back and the head at the same level during Ruku while holding
both knees with fingers of both hands
15.
For the Imam to say “Sami-Allahu Liman Hamida” and the Muqtadi (followers)
to read “Rabbana Wa Lakal Hamd” and the individual to recite both
16.
While going into Sajdah to place the knees, palms, then the nose and then
the forehead
17.
In Qa’dah (or Jalsa) to place the left foot on the ground horizontally and
sitting on it and keep the right foot vertically with the toes pointing towards
the Qiblah
18.
To raise the index finger when one recite the Kalima in Tashahud
19.
To recite Durood Shareef in Qa’dah Akheerah after Tashahud
20.
To read dua after Durood
Shareef in Qa’dah Akheerah after Tashahud
21.
To turn the face to the right during Salam first
1.
To pull the palms out of the sleeves while saying the Takbeer-e- Takreema
2.
To say the Tasbeeh more then three times during Ruku and Sajdah
3.
To fix the gaze towards the place of Sajdah in Qiyaam, towards the feet in
Ruku and on the lap during Qa’dah and on the shoulders during Salam
4.
To try not to cough
5.
To try not to yawn and if the mouth is opened to cover it with the back of
the right hand in Qiyaam and with the back of the left hand in all other
postures
1.
To pray bareheaded due to laziness or to pray while arms are exposed above
the elbows
2.
To play with the clothes or the body during Prayers
3.
Praying in clothes in which people ordinarily do not go out
4.
To dust the floor with one’s hand to prevent the soiling of clothes
5.
Praying when one has the urge to urinate or pass stool
6.
To crack fingers or putting the fingers of one hand into the other
7.
Turning the face away from Qiblah and looking around
8.
For men to rest both arms and wrists on the ground during Sajdah
9.
Praying one someone else in sitting in front facing you
10.
Yawning intentionally and not trying to prevent it
11.
Closing the eyes but if it is done to enhance concentration then it is
permissible
12.
Standing alone in a row when there is space in the front row for a mature (baaligh)
person
13.
Praying in clothes with pictures of living things on them
14.
Praying in a place where this is a picture in front, above, right or left
or at the place of Sajdah
15.
To count Ayahs, Surahs, Tasbeehs on the fingers while praying
16.
Praying while sheets or clothes wrapped around in such a way which will
make it difficult to free the hands quickly
17.
To yawn or stretch arms to remove laziness
18. Doing something against Sunnah while praying
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