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1.
Ghusl (complete bath) becomes obligatory in the
following conditions:
a.
When Mani (fluid) is discharged owing to stimulation
(whether actual or imagined) while asleep or awake.
b.
When a wet dream occurs for both men and women.
c.
When an actual intercourse takes place (even if no
discharge occurs).
d.
When the private parts meet (even if no discharge
occurs).
e.
When a woman comes out of her regular menstrual
cycle.
f.
When the normal flow of blood ceases from the womb
after giving birth.
http://www.askimam.org/fatwa/fatwa.php?askid=6fd595dcfb9c4d71ee0e26a79af452a3
حدثنا
عبد الله بن يوسف قال أخبرنا مالك عن هشام بن عروة عن
أبيه عن زينب بنت أبي سلمة عن أم سلمة أم المؤمنين أنها
قالت
Narrated Um-Salama (RA) (the mother of the believers) Um Sulaim (RA) , the wife
of Abu Talha (RA) , came to Allah's Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) and said,
"O Allah's Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam)! Verily Allah is not shy of
(telling you) the truth. Is it necessary for a woman to take a bath after she
has a wet dream (nocturnal sexual discharge)?" Allah's Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe
Wassallam) replied, "Yes, if she notices a discharge." [Bukhari]
Yahya (RA) related to me from Malik (RA) from Yahya ibn Said (RA) from Said ibn
al-Musayyab (RA) that Abu Musa al-Ashari (RA) came to A'isha (RA), the wife of
the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) and said to her, "The disagreement of
the companions in a matter which I hate to bring before you has distressed me."
She (RA) said, "What is that? You did not ask your mother about it, so ask me."
He (RA) said, "A man penetrates his wife, but becomes listless and does not
ejaculate. "She (RA) said, "When the circumcised part passes the circumcised
part ghusl is obligatory." Abu Musa (RA) added, "I shall never ask anyone about
this after you." [Muwatta Imam Malik]
وَيَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلۡمَحِيضِۖ قُلۡ هُوَ أَذً۬ى فَٱعۡتَزِلُواْ ٱلنِّسَآءَ
فِى ٱلۡمَحِيضِۖ وَلَا تَقۡرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَطۡهُرۡنَۖ فَإِذَا تَطَهَّرۡنَ
فَأۡتُوهُنَّ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ أَمَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ
ٱلتَّوَّٲبِينَ وَيُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
[2:222] They ask you about menstruation. Say: ―It is an impurity. So, keep away
from women during menstruation; and do not have intimacy with them until they
are cleansed. But when they are cleansed, then go to them from where Allah has
commanded you. Surely Allah loves those who are most repenting, and loves those
who keep themselves pure.
وَإِن كُنتُمۡ جُنُبً۬ا فَٱطَّهَّرُواْۚ
[5:6] …If you are in a state of major impurity, cleanse yourselves well (by
taking bath)…
2.
Ghusl (complete bath) does not become obligatory in
the following conditions:
a.
If Al-Mani (fluid) is discharged without desire due
to a medical condition, or carrying a heavy load or cold
b.
When prostatic fluid comes out
حدثنا عبد الله بن مسلمة عن مالك عن أبي النضر عن سليمان بن
يسار عن المقداد بن الأسود
Narrated Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad (RA): Ali ibn AbuTalib (RA) commanded him to ask
the Apostle of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) what a man should do when he
wants to have intercourse with his wife and the prostatic fluid comes out (at
this moment). (He said): I am ashamed of consulting him because of the position
of his daughter. Al-Miqdad said: I asked the Apostle of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi
Wasallam) about it. He said: When any of you finds, he should wash his private
part, and perform ablution as he does for prayer. [Abu Dawud]
Said Mujahid, "We were in a meeting in the mosque with the companions of Ibn 'Abbas
(Tawus, Sa'eed ibn Jubair and 'Ikrimah). When he stood to pray, a man came in
and said, 'Is there one who can give a legal verdict?' We said, 'Ask your
question.' He said, 'Whenever I urinate, a liquid always follows it.' We asked,
'Is it the type of liquid that gives birth to children?' He said, 'Yes.' We
said, 'Then you have to perform ghusl.' The man went away. Ibn 'Abbas hurried to
finish his prayer, after which he told 'Ikrimah to bring the man back. He turned
to us and said, 'Is your verdict found in the Book of Allah?' We said, 'No.' He
asked, 'Is it based on the sayings of the Prophet, upon whom be peace?' We said,
'No.' 'Then from what?' We said, 'From our opinion.' He said, 'That is why the
Messenger of Allah said that one learned man is more difficult for Satan than a
thousand worshippers.' The man came and faced Ibn 'Abbas, who said to him, 'When
that happens, is it owing to any stimulation?' He answered, 'No.' Ibn 'Abbas
asked, 'Do you feel any numbness in your body?' He answered, 'No.' Said Ibn 'Abbas,
'That is from the cold. Ablution is sufficient."' [Tirmidhi]
3.
Ghusl (complete bath) is Sunnah and/or recommended
in the following occasions:
a.
On Fridays.
b.
On Eid days.
c.
After giving Ghusl to a bier.
d.
Before putting on the Ihram.
e.
Before entering Makkah.
f.
Before entering Madina.
g.
Before commencing the stay of Arafah (during Hajj)
حدثنا
آدم قال حدثنا ابن أبي ذئب عن سعيد المقبري قال أخبرني
أبي عن ابن وديعة عن سلمان الفارسي قال
Narrated Salman Al-Farsi (RA): Allah's Apostle (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam)
said, "Anyone who takes a bath on Friday and cleans himself as much as he can
and puts oil (on his hair) or scents himself; and then proceeds for the prayer
and does not force his way between two persons (assembled in the mosque for the
Friday prayer), and prays as much as is written for him and remains quiet when
the Imam delivers the Khutba, all his sins in between the present and the last
Friday will be forgiven." [Bukhari]
Scholars also encourage Muslims to perform ghusl for the 'id prayers, even
though there is no authentic hadith to support this opinion. The hadith
concerning performing ghusl for the 'ids are weak. But there do exist good
reports from the companions (on this point) [AlBadrul Muneer, Nailul Awtar]
أبي هريرة - رضي اللّه
عنه - أن النبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: " من غسل ميتاً،
فليغتسل، ومن حمله، فليتوضأ
الحافظ ابن حجر قال في حديثنا هذا: قد حسنه
الترمذيُّ، وصححه ابن حبان،
Abu Hurariah (RA) reported that the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe
Wassallam) said, "Whoever has washed a corpse must perform ghusl, and whoever
carried him must perform ablution." [Ahmed, Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi and others]
Al-Hafidh Ibn Hajr (RA) quotes Tirmidhi & Ibn Hibban: "Tirmidhi
called it Hasan and Ibn Hibban called it sahih”.
Zaid ibn Thabit (RA) related that he saw the Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu
Alaihi Wasallam), when he intended to perform the hajj, perform ghusl. [Darqutni,
Baihaqi, Tirmidhi who classed it as Hasan but Al-Usaili regarded it as weak]
روى عن نافع أن بن عمر كان لا يقدم مكة إلا بات بذي طوى ، حتى يصبح ويغتسل ، ثم
يدخل مكة نهارا ، ويذكر عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه فعله . رواه البخاري ومسلم
.
Nafi' (RA) ) reported that 'Abdullah ibn Umar (RA) used to do ghusl for ihram
before he entered ihram, and for entering Makka, and for standing on the
afternoon of 'Arafa. [Muwatta Imam Malik]
Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (RA): Allah's Apostle (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam)
said, "The reward of deeds depends upon the intention and every person will get
the reward according to what he has intended. So whoever emigrated for Allah and
His Apostle, then his emigration was for Allah and His Apostle. And whoever
emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration was for
what he emigrated for." [Bukhari]
Note: Intention doesn’t need to be uttered verbally or loudly, it
is an action of the heart.
Narrated 'Aisha(RA): Whenever the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) took a bath
after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like
that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the
roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head
and then pour water all over his body. [Bukhari]
Narrated Maimuna (RA): (the wife of the Prophet) Allah's
Apostle
(Sallaho
Alaihe Wassallam) performed ablution like
that for the prayer but did not wash his feet. He washed off the discharge from
his private parts and then poured water over his body. He withdrew his feet from
that place (the place where he took the bath) and then washed them. And that was
his way of taking the bath of Janaba. [Bukhari]
Narrated 'Aisha(RA): Whenever the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) took a bath
after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like
that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the
roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head
and then pour water all over his body. [Bukhari]
Narrated 'Aisha(RA): Whenever the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) took a bath
after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like
that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the
roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head
and then pour water all over his body. [Bukhari]
حدثنا عبد الله بن يوسف قال أخبرنا مالك عن هشام بن عروة عن
أبيه عن عائشة زوج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم
Narrated 'Aisha(RA): Whenever the Prophet (Sallaho Alaihe Wassallam) took a bath
after Janaba he started by washing his hands and then performed ablution like
that for the prayer. After that he would put his fingers in water and move the
roots of his hair with them, and then pour three handfuls of water over his head
and then pour water all over his body. [Bukhari]
وَإِن كُنتُمۡ جُنُبً۬ا فَٱطَّهَّرُواْۚ
[5:6] …If you are in a state of major impurity, cleanse yourselves well (by
taking bath)…
Note: Scholars have stated that the obligation of ensuring that all parts of the
body are thoroughly washed is established from this verse.
وعن عُبيد بن عمير - رضي اللّه عنه - قال: بلغ
عائشة - رضي اللّه عنها - أن عبد
اللّه بن عمر يأمـر النساء إذا اغتسلـن، أن
ينقضن رءوسهن، فقالت: يا عجباً لابن
عمر، يأمر النساء إذا اغتسلن بنقض رءوسهن،
أفلا يأمرهن أن يحلقن رءوسهن؛ لقد كنت
أغتسل أنا ورسولُ اللّه صلى الله عليه وسلم من
إناء واحد، وما أزيد على أن أفرغ على
رأسي ثلاث إفراغات
رواه أحمد، ومسلم.
'Ubaid ibn 'Umair
(RA) reported that 'Aishah (RA) discovered that 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr (RA) was
ordering the women to undo their plaits of hair (for ghusl). She (RA) observed,
"It is amazing that Ibn 'Amr (RA) orders the woment to undo the plaits of hair
for ghusl. Why doesn't he just order them to shave their heads? I and the
Messenger of Allah
(Sallaho
Alaihe Wassallam)
used to bathe from one vessel, and all I did was
pour three handfuls of water over my head."[Ahmed, Muslim]
Compulsory
actions of Ghusl (Faraidh):
1.
To gargle the mouth
2.
To clean the nostrils up to the soft part of the
nose
3.
To pour water over the entire body
1.
Make the intention for Ghusl, “I am
performing Ghusl for Allah (SWT)”
2.
Recite
بسم اللھ الرحمن الرحیم
3.
To wash hands up to the wrists
4.
To wash off all the impurities
5.
To wash the private parts even if there are no
impurities on them
6.
Thereafter to perform Wudhu
7.
Thereafter to let water flow on the entire body
three times
8.
When pouring water, start from the head, then
the right and then the left side
9.
To rub the body
10.
Not to allow washed parts to get dry before
making Ghusl
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